Title: Hebrew Grammar Quest / 1. Lessons 1-3 / Lesson 01 / Lesson 01 C. Study Verses
On every note of this deck, unless a note says otherwise:
Hint: - 1, 2, 3 = first second or third person (I/we, you, he/she/they)
- S, P, D = singular, plural, or dual
- M F, C = masculine feminine or common

Q: To prepare you for future verses translation exercises, let's learn a little shorthand:
[...] = [...]
A: 3mp; 3rd person Masculine Plural - "they", "them," or  "theirs," referring to males
Back Extra: This is called "parsing" into Person, Number, and Gender.  PGN for short.  Parsing is the breaking down of a word to understand its meaning.  For example English speakers know that "he" refers to a 3rd person, male, singular.   "I" or "me" refers to 1st person, singular, either male or female.  By parsing a word, we can determine whether the subject or object is the one doing the speaking (1st person), the one being spoken to (2nd person), or the one being spoken about (3rd person).

Q: [shorthand?] = [...]
A: 2FS; 2nd person feminine singular - "you" or "yours" referring to a female
Back Extra: For the second person, English has only "you".  This could refer to 2nd person singular spoken to a man or a woman, or 2nd person plural, spoken to males, females or a mixture.  In contrast, Hebrew has different forms for 2FS (spoken to one woman), 2MS (spoken to one man), 2FP, spoken to a group of females, and 2MP spoken to a group of males, or a mixture of males and females.

Q: [Shorthand?] = [...]
A: 1CS; 1st person, common, singular = "I", "mine", or "me", (it doesn't matter whether "I" am a female or a male)
Back Extra: Here Hebrew is identical to English.  Hebrew does not distinguish between male(s) or female(s).  We simply say it is "common" - either masculine or feminine.  Like English, there are different forms for singular "I", "me", and "mine", versus plural "us", "ours", and "we".

Q: [...] = [...]
A: 3MS; 3rd person, masculine, singular = "he", "him", "his" - this is the most common Hebrew verb form

Q: [...] = [...]
A: FS; feminine singular - some words, such as nouns and adjectives, do not have "person" identified
Back Extra: Hebrew words have gender that does not necessarily have anything to do with biological gender.  For example the word for "law" is feminine.  "Law" would be FS, and "laws" would be FP.  There is no "3FS" form of "law"; we would simply say it is FS (feminine, singular)

Q: [...] = [...]
A: MP; masculine plural
Back Extra: Hebrew nouns have gender that does not necessarily have anything to do with biological gender.  For example the word for "book" is masculine.  "Book" would be MS, and "Books" would be MP.  There is no "2MP" form of "books"; we would simply say it is "MP" for masculine plural..

Q: [...] = [...]
A: FD; feminine dual - in Hebrew, paired body parts are generally dual and feminine
Back Extra: Other than the words "both" and "pair", English does not generally refer to two and only two of something.  We will learn that Hebrew has a specific dual ending.  While it is still relatively uncommon, the dual form is more common in Hebrew than it is in English.