Title: Hebrew Grammar Quest / 2. Lessons 4-11 / Lesson 04 / Lesson 04 D. Study Verses
Tags: StudyVerses hebrew::ch_04

Q: אָנֹכִי בַּדֶּרֶךְ נָחַנִי יְהוָה בֵּית אֲחֵי אֲדֹנִי
[...] [...]
A: As for me, the LORD has guided me in the way; to the house of my master's brothers
Reference: Genesis  24:27   בראשית
Hint: - אָנֹכִי I (1cs long, formal), "as for me"
- בַּדֶּרֶךְ in the way, road, journey
- נָחַנִי (he 3MS + 1CS object) has guided me
Back Extra: Advanced: this is a complex sentence for Lesson 4 but
The authors of Basics of Biblical Hebrew thought it good exposure.
 At first pass, it seems that "I" is the subject, but the verb is actually 3MS with a 1CS pronominal suffix. "He (did something to/for) me". The sentence clarifies that the "he" is Adonai.  The  אָנֹכִי is for emphasis. It is often translated "as for me"
The second part of the sentence is a three word construct chain (lesson 10).
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HGQ Book Section: 4

Q: תִּבְנֶה חוֹמוֹת יְרוּשָׁלִָם
[...]
A: Build the walls of Jerusalem.
Reference: Psalms  51:20   תהלים
Hint: חוֹמוֹת is  a plural form of wall.
תִּבְנֶה is an imperative form of to build
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HGQ Book Section: 4

Q: עֲשׂוֹת סְפָרִים הַרְבֵּה אֵין קֵץ
[...] [...]
A: the writing of many books; is endless
Reference: Ecclesiastes  12:12   קהלת
Hint: אֵין קֵץ means there is no end
עֲשׂוֹת - participle of make (Making)"
Back Extra: This is an odd form as the adjective has the definite article and is in the singular, while the noun is indefinite and plural.
Remember this is Hebrew poetry where the authors use language much less ridigly than narrative sections.
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HGQ Book Section: 4

Q: קְחוּ לָכֶם מִן־הָעָם שְׁנֵים עָשָׂר אֲנָשִׁים
Take for yourselves [...]
A: twelve men from the people
Reference: Joshua  4:2   יהושע
Hint: קְחוּ -take, choose, select
מִן־הָעָם from the people
שְׁנֵים עָשָׂר two ten, i.e. twelve
Back Extra: Be careful of sound alike words.
We have words like bear and bare .  לחם is bread but לכם is simply the preposition ל (to or for) and כם is 2nd Masculine plural or ""you all"" - take to you, or take for you.  Mn is the preposition from, which we will cover in Lesson 6
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HGQ Book Section: 4

Q: וְעֹמֵד לָדִין עַמִּים
[...]
A: And (the LORD) stands to judge the people
Reference: Isaiah  3:13   ישעיה
Hint: וְעֹמֵד and he stands
לָדִין  from דָּן‎ - to judge
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HGQ Book Section: 4

Q: עָרִים גְּדֹלֹת וּבְצוּרֹת בַּשָּׁמָיִם
[...] [...]
A: the cities are large; and fortified to heaven
Reference: Deuteronomy  1:28   דברים
Hint: וּבְצוּרֹת strengthened or fortified
Back Extra: The context of the passage is definite. specific cities were large.  "Large cities fortified to heaven" also is plausible though most versions opt for a predicate translation: the cities are large.
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HGQ Book Section: 4

Q: בְּאַרְבַּעַת מִקְצֹעוֹת הֶחָצֵר חֲצֵרוֹת קְטֻרוֹת
[...] [...]
A: In the four corners of the court; there were enclosed courts
Reference: Ezekiel  46:22   יחזקאל
Hint: בְּאַרְבַּעַת in four
מִקְצֹעוֹת corners
קְטֻרוֹת hidden, concealed, enclosed
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HGQ Book Section: 4

Q: וְאֵין בָּתִּים בְּנוּיִם
[...]
A: and the houses were not built.
Reference: Nehemiah  7:4   נחמיה
Hint: בְּנוּיִם to be built (MP)
Back Extra: אֵין - this serves to negate whatever it is modifying
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HGQ Book Section: 4

Q: וְיָרְדוּ סוּסִים וְרֹכְבֵיהֶם
[...]
A: and the horses and their riders will go down
Reference: Haggai  2:22   חגי
Hint: וְיָרְדוּ - and they will descend/go down
וְרֹכְבֵיהֶם - the root רכב has some connotation of a chariot.  In modern Hebrew, מרכבה‎ (Merkava) is the name of a tank. In this sentence it means "The riders of them - (the סוּסִים )"
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HGQ Book Section: 4

Q: שְׁמַעְנָה נָשִׁים דְּבַר־יְהוָה
[...]
A: Hear the word of the LORD, O you women
Reference: Jeremiah  9:19   ירמיה
Hint: שְׁמַעְנָה - imperative hear! (F)
Back Extra: Advanced: imperatives often, but not always, append 
נָה or נָה-
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HGQ Book Section: 4

Q: כָל־לְבָבוֹת דּוֹרֵשׁ יְהוָה
[...]
A: the LORD searches all hearts
Reference: 1 Chronicles  28:9   דברי הימים א
Hint: דּוֹרֵשׁ (he-3MS) searches; same verbal root as Midrash and drosh
Back Extra: Advanced: The PGN of the verb tells us that 
כָל־לְבָבוֹת is not the subject in this sentence.
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HGQ Book Section: 4

Q: מַצִּיל נְפָשׁוֹת עֵד אֱמֶת
[...]
A: A truthful witness saves lives,
Reference: Proverbs  14:25   משלי
Hint: מַצִּיל - saves
נְפָשׁוֹת - literally "souls".  (i.e. "lives")
אֱמֶת - truth, true
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HGQ Book Section: 4

Q: רְאֵה לִמַּדְתִּי אֶתְכֶם חֻקִּים וּמִשְׁפָּטִים
See, I have taught you [...]
A: statutes and judgments
Reference: Deuteronomy  4:5   דברים
Hint: רְאֵה - See!
לִמַּדְתִּי  - the root למד has to do with teaching or learning.  The word for disciples is תַלְמִדִים (talmidim).  לִמַּדְתִּי  is "I taught" or "I have taught"
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HGQ Book Section: 4

Q: וּלְלָבָן שְׁתֵּי בָנוֹת
[...]
A: Now Laban (had) two daughters
Reference: Genesis  29:16   בראשית
Hint: וּלְלָבָן - the first two letters are prefixes "and" and "to or for" - the rest of the word is a man's name
שְׁתֵּי two
This phrase has no verb
Note the lack of a Dagesh Lene in בָנוֹת .  If the previous word ends in a vowel, the Daghesh Lene is dropped.
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HGQ Book Section: 4

Q: וַיּוֹכַח עֲלֵיהֶם מְלָכִים
And He reproved [...]
A: kings
Reference: 1 Chronicles  16:21   דברי הימים א
Hint: וַיּוֹכַח - and he 3MS reproved
Back Extra: Advanced: The PGN of the verb tells us that 
מְלָכִים is not the subject  (of course you haven't learned this by chapter 4. We will get to this in unit III)
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HGQ Book Section: 4

Q: שִׁבְעַת יָמִים מַצּוֹת תֹּאכֵלוּ
[...] [...]
A: for seven days; you shall eat unleavened bread
Reference: Leviticus  23:6   ויקרא
Hint: שִׁבְעַת -seven
מַצּוֹת - plural of Matzah - unleavened bread
תֹּאכֵלוּ - root of אכל is "to eat"
Back Extra: Advanced:
אכל is part of a group of six highly irregular verbs that begin with א.  They have been given the nickname "angry baker" verbs.  More on this when we get to the Qal verbs unit
תּ is an imperfect prefix. It could be 3F (as you saw if you did the Ruth Pursuit for Lesson 2) or 2 F/M depending on the suffix, which in this case is וּ masculine plural. So this is imperfect 2MP of eat, or "you (all) will/shall eat".
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HGQ Book Section: 4