14.6 Qal Perfect 3א

A 3א often quiesces with Compensatory Lengthening to \(V_2\)

  • Occasionally, it quiesces with silent shewa or reduced/Hateph vowels (i.e., Vocal Sheva)
  • Usually there is Compensatory Lengthening (CL)
  • \(V_2 = \bar A\) (Qamets) unless reduced by the perfect sufformative
    • QP2ms: NOT מָצַ֫אְתָּ*, BUT מָצָ֫אתָּ
    • QP3ms, the Aleph is already quiescent (CL): NOT מָצַא*, BUT מָצָא
  • בגד כפת have Dagesh Lene only if not after a vowel
    • In other words, the Quiescent Aleph is ignored - it is neither a consonant, nor a vowel and does not affect syllabification
    • Note how the 2fs forms drop the Dagesh Lene and final Silent Sheva - this is because a vowel is before the בגד כפת letter
    • NOT מָצַאְתְּ*, BUT מָצָאת
  • As mentioned, in 3G, \(V_1 = \bar A\) (unless reduced in 2mp/2fp) as is diagnostic of the QP conjugation - (are you beginning to see the pattern?)

יָרֵא is 3א AND Tsere Stative

  • יָרֵא is irregular
  • Most Tsere statives have \(\bar E\) only in the 3ms, but with יָרֵא, \(V_S = \bar E\) unless \(V_2\) is reduced (P3fs, P3cp)