22.4 Qal Participle Spelling

Participles use adjective endings and can appear in Absolute or Construct forms Active: $Pre =$ קֹ and $V_S = \bar E$

• $V_1 = \bar O$ defective: Holem (more common than plene Holem+Vav)
  • Every form except biconsonantal (which has $V_1 = \bar A$ (Qamets))
• $V_2$
  • Usually $\bar E$ for Masculine singular: קֹטֵל
  • Reduces before adjective endings
    • MP - קֹטְלִים
    • FP - קֹטְלוֹת
• Two Feminine Singular variations
  • Seghol+Tav (“T-form”) - קֹטֶ֫לֶת - MORE COMMON
  • Qamets+Hei - קֹטְלָה - Less common

	Abs	Con
QPtMS	קֹטֵל	קֹטֵל
QPtFS	קֹטֶ֫לֶת or קֹטְלָה	קֹטְלַת
QPtMP	קֹטְלִים	קֹטְלֵי
QPtFp	קֹטְלוֹת	קֹטְלוֹת

• Passive:
  • Every QPp as $V_2 = \hat U$ plene: Shureq (more common than defective Qibbuts)
  • Since $V_2 = \hat U$ it can’t reduce; therefore $V_1$ will reduce before adjective endings

QPpMS | קָטוּל | קְטוּל QPpFS | קְטוּלָה | קְטוַּת QPpMP | קְטוּלִים | קְטוּלֵי QPpFP | קְטוּלוֹת | קְטוּלוֹת